Roman Emperor Constantine the Great dies in Nicomedia, Bithynia, present day Turkey.









Today in history - 22 May

337 - Roman Emperor Constantine the Great dies in Nicomedia, Bithynia, present day Turkey. Constantine enacted many reforms to strengthen the Roman empire but hes probably most famous for being the first emperor to convert to Christianity. 

1242 - The Church of St Michael of Linlithgow is consecrated by David de Bernham, Bishop of St Andrews. 
Much of the present building dates from rebuilding during the 15th Century. This was due to a fire that damaged the church and neighbouring palace in 1424.

1455 - The first battle of St Albans takes place, marking the traditional date for the beginning of the Wars of the Roses. The Yorkist army, commanded by Richard, Duke of York, wins the day.

1455 - Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland, son of Henry "Hotspur" Percy, is killed at the first battle of St Albans where he was one of the commanders of the Lancastrian army. His father and grandfather both rebelled against King Henry IV of England on two separate occasions. 

1455 - Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset, is killed at the first battle of St Albans. The cousin of both Yorkist leader, Richard, Duke of York, and Lancastrian King Henry VI, Edmund would side with Henry and die in his service. He would be buried at St Albans Abbey. 3 of Edmunds sons, Henry, Edmund and John, would be killed or executed fighting for the Lancastrian cause.

1538 - Franciscan friar John Forest is burnt at the state for heresy. Former confessor to Queen Catherine of Aragon, Forest had refused to acknowledge Henry VIII as head of the church.

1770 - Princess Elizabeth of the United Kingdom, Landgravine consort of Hesse-Homburg, is born at Buckingham Palace. Princess Elizabeth was the seventh of King George III's sixteen children.

1802 - Martha Washington, wife of President George Washington and inaugural First Lady of he United States, dies at Mount Vernon, Virginia, aged 70.

1859 - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author and creator of Sherlock Holmes, is born in Edinburgh. 

1885 - Victor-Marie Hugo, poet and novelist best known for The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Les Misérables, dies in Paris, France, aged 83.

1915 - Britain's worst rail disaster occurs at Quintinshill, near Gretna Green. A signalling error caused 2 separate collisions including a passenger train and troop train. 5 trains in all were involved in the disaster with the loss of 226 killed and 246 injured. One of the trains involved was carrying soldiers of the Royal Scots on their way to Gallipoli for service in World War 1. 

1925 - Field Marshal John Denton Pinkstone French, 1st Earl of Ypres, dies in Deal Castle, Kent, of bladder cancer aged 72. He would serve as Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force for the first year and a half of World War 1 and as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland during the Irish War of Independence. 


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